Afferent modulation of dopamine neuron firing differentially regulates tonic and phasic dopamine transmission

SB FlorescoAR West, B Ash, H Moore… - Nature neuroscience, 2003 - nature.com
The mesolimbic dopamine system is centrally involved in reward and goal-directed behavior, and it has been implicated in multiple psychiatric disorders. Understanding the mechanism by which dopamine participates in these activities requires comprehension of the dynamics of dopamine release. Here we report dissociable regulation of dopamine neuron discharge by two separate afferent systems in rats; inhibition of pallidal afferents ...

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Enhance the concept that returning blood to it's normal state as far as PAI-1 being thus, the Plasmin Thrombin modulator or what keeps them in balance which is truly what the body does, in nature all the time. Is done through maintaining PAI-1 at it's normal level.

Many of the coagulation proce...

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Posted by Raif on Apr 04, 2017

Mineral mineral is a chemical element required as an essential nutrient by organisms to perform functions

Minerals originate in the earth and cannot be made by living organisms.

Plants get minerals from soil.

Minerals important in a human diet come from eating plants and animals  Drinking water. 

Minerals is one of the four groups of essential nutrients,  

Vitamins, essential fatty acids, and essential amino acids.

The five major minerals in are calciumphosphoruspotassiumsodium, and magnesium.

Remainder  "trace elements", have a specific biochemical function in the human body are ironcobaltcopperzincmanganesemolybdenumiodine, and selenium.

Most chemical elements ingested by organisms are in the form of simple compounds.

Plants absorb dissolved elements in soils, which are subsequently ingested by the herbivores that eat them, and the elements move up the food chain

Bacteria and fungi play an essential role in the weathering of primary elements that results in the release of nutrients for their own nutrition and for the nutrition of other species in the ecological food chain.

Cobalt, is available for use by animals only after having been processed into complex molecules (e.g., vitamin B12) by bacteria. 

The process of mineralizing structures, called "biomineralization", used to construct bones, seashells, eggshells, exoskeletons and mollusc shells.[6]

An important trace mineral controls the hunger receptors is platinum. See "effects of trace platinum on hunger receptors"

 

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Copper: An essential metal in biology

  • Richard A. Festa
  • Dennis J. Thiele

Summary

Life on Earth has evolved within a complex mixture of organic and inorganic compounds. While organic molecules such as amino acids, carbohydrates and nucleotides form the backbone of proteins and genetic material, these fundamental components of macromolecules are enzymatically synthesized and ultimately degraded. Inorganic elements, such as copper (Cu), iron and zinc, once solubilized from the Earth's crust, are neither created nor destroyed and therefore their homeostatic regulation is under strict control. In the fascinating field of ‘metals in biology’, by virtue of direct interactions with amino acid side-chains within polypeptide chains, metals play unique and critical roles in biology, promoting structures and chemistries that would not otherwise be available to proteins alone.

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Relation between stress & depression later bipolar reactions status, extending to Bipolar conditions & disease. Which can be corrected and eventually  prevented in the long run the whole idea is to understand how this occurs and the fact that the genetic defects don't go away since they permanently there, but have to be constantly be taken care of so that they don't come back and haunt the body, again.

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Potent anti-oxidant action on the brain, in a UI study, which was published March 28 2017 that suggests cerebellar stimulation might help improve cognitive problems in patients with schizophrenia, also known as "bipolar disorder".

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Blurred vision an early sign of Alzheimer's Disease

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Posted by Raif on Jul 04, 2016

From Mercola.com

Black Pepper: "King of Spices"

Botanical name: Piper nigrum

From the Piperaceae family, the black pepper plant is a trailing, woody vine that grows in tropical climates. After a few years, it bears tiny white blossoms that become berries known as peppercorns. For black peppe...

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  • Certain blood pressure control natural products add ginger and capsaicin to enhance the effects of the original natural product that is intended for control of blood pressure. Capsaicin increases its absorption then promotes the other advantages along with the blood pressure control.
  • BlAck pepper has many advantages when added to that cocktail

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  • Certain blood pressure control natural products add ginger and capsaicin to enhance the effects of the original natural product that is intended for control of blood pressure. Capsaicin increases its absorption then promotes the other advantages along with the blood pressure control.
  • BlAck pepper has many advantages when added to that cocktail

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Blood pressure reduction, increasing heart contraction and dilating blood vessels. 

Lowering blood fats with Arjuna has an added effect.

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Brain health and organic sulphur

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Posted by Raif on May 12, 2016

Rice bran (soluble) protects immune system.

Making RICE BRAIN soluble is a trade secret created by Daiwa Health systems

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One of the main ingredient components of the blood flow support product is an enzyme produced from soy bean in Japan now patented in the USA UNDER THE USPTO

Confirming the effect on the fibrinolytic activity by the oral administration of NKCP (special type developed in a halotolerant culture bacill...

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Posted by Raif on Apr 27, 2016 under

 Many people think that high blood pressure has to be higher than a systolic pressure of 140 or 150 well in fact the systolic blood pressure that is above 120/80 is always considered high blood pressure or hypertension many people think that  if I have a blood pressure of 120 or 130 measured ones ...

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Posted by Raif on Apr 27, 2016

The Sinister Secret of CoQ10 And Statin From Now natural health newsletter 

Coenzyme Q10 supplement can benefit your health, from increased energy and mental clarity to significantly improved heart health. In fact, the effects of CoQ10 are so well established that it has become one of the most pop...

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Posted by Raif on Apr 25, 2016

The value and importance of a strong true anti-oxidant such  when we are trying to increase blood flow and/or influencing change in brain stability as far as personality, anxiety, stress, depression and or bipolar reactivity or personality. The more potent anti-oxidants have been shown to make cert...

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Posted by Raif on Apr 16, 2016

PAI-1 Is part  of the blood to clutching mechanism that coordinates the process of keeping the blood flowing properly in the blood vessels so it balances the process between creating enough sickness in the blood so that it can clot or create blood clots as they are needed.

The way it works fine th...

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Posted by Raif on Apr 07, 2016 under ,

Surprisingly, the dried versions of shiitake mushrooms are high in vitamin D. This may be due to the fact that these mushrooms are great at sucking up sunlight. Shiitake mushrooms are also rich in B vitamins like B1 and B2.  

 

Cooked salmon will give you 90% of the recommended dieta...

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Recently a patient (happened to be a nun) traveling from a central West African nation on her way to Chicago to visit a dear friend who lived in the suburbs of Chicago. Ust as the flight was approaching the shores of the USA the traveling on that flight began having severe breathing difficulty. The ...

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Case study for a blog regarding PE from venous thrombosis of the leg veins during a long flight on an airline from Africa to USA that had to perform an emergency landing in Houston at George Bush Houston International Airport .The patient developed a sudden pulmonary embolus taken to the hospital at...

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The recent look by the same study group at the fructose study done on .2009 taking note on its effects on hypertension

In a new study, Dr. Diana Jalal, of the University of Colorado Denver Health Sciences Center, and colleagues studied 4,528 adults without a history of high blood pressure. They exa...

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 This a video on YouTube shows exactly how the pathology or the changes in the brain happen from a research going to view in Alzheimer's disease and the brain it's a very well made video that is extremely well researched I would urge people who are interested in the subject of dementia loss of memo...

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Posted by Raif on Mar 31, 2016 under

Memory, motivation and muscle function

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Posted by Raif on Mar 28, 2016 under

Alzheimer's symptoms vary from person to person. The stages below provide a general idea of how abilities change during the course of the disease.

 

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Posted by Raif on Mar 28, 2016 under ,

Alheimer's disease and inflammation.

The in sighting inflammation starts with an earlier event, either injury many years ago or inflammation for any reason. That starts the auto-immune reaction that creates auto-immune antibodies.  The auto-immune antibodies are of variable aggressiveness which is...

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Posted by Raif on Mar 26, 2016 under

Blood pressure-what causes high blood pressure? Increasing calorie intake as well as the type of food and sugar content that is consumed by the body beyond its needs. Taking in excess carbohydrates &/or sugar requires more vitamin B1 & B2, when calories are in excess blood pressure then tends to ris...

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